Which of the following defines encapsulation?

Encapsulation is defined as a method of covering and sealing lead paint to prevent exposure and reduce the risk of lead hazards. This process involves applying a specialized coating over the existing lead-based paint to create a barrier that isolates it from the environment. This approach allows for the management of lead hazards without the need for removal, which can often be more costly and disruptive.

By encapsulating lead paint, the original surface is preserved while creating a safe, sealed environment that minimizes the possibility of lead dust or chips being released into the air or on surfaces. This method is particularly useful in homes or structures where removing lead paint would be too invasive or impractical, thus serving as an effective interim measure to ensure safety.

The other options do not accurately describe encapsulation. The removal of lead paint represents a more drastic approach, while temporary paint applications and long-term housing solutions do not specifically relate to the principles of encapsulation in managing lead hazards.