What is the primary purpose of encapsulation in lead-based paint management?

The primary purpose of encapsulation in lead-based paint management is to provide a barrier between the lead-based paint and the environment. This method involves applying a specialized coating that seals the harmful paint, preventing lead dust and chips from being released into the surrounding space. By creating this barrier, encapsulation effectively reduces the risk of lead exposure to residents or occupants, particularly in environments where complete removal of lead paint may be impractical, expensive, or hazardous.

Removing the paint entirely can be disruptive and may generate more lead dust, while simply painting over existing paint does not provide the same level of protection as proper encapsulation. Similarly, replacing affected surfaces can be costly and may not be necessary if encapsulation can effectively manage the risk. Thus, encapsulation is often favored for its efficiency and safety in managing lead-based paint hazards.